A Guide To Travelling Taiwan
- tomwampach
- Oct 15
- 11 min read
Taiwan is a country that's often overlooked, and, to be honest, who can blame you? It sits quietly beside its enormous neighbour, China. Yet despite its complex history and politically tense situation, Taiwan stands proud, protecting its rich culture and showcasing some of the most magnificent natural landscapes in Asia.
During my two-week journey across the island, I was humbled by its beauty, inspired by its innovation, and pleasantly surprised by the warmth and generosity of the people I met along the way.
In this guide, I’ll share my personal experiences, insights, and recommendations to help you discover the true spirit of this remarkable island nation.
A Quick History Lesson
The history of Taiwan is long and strenuous, and I am fairly certain that my academic background does not qualify me to lecture you on the full history of Taiwan. Nonetheless, I will try my best to paint you a picture of what you should know before visiting. And please stay with me, this is important!
Taiwan's story stretches back tens of thousands of years, but don't worry, we won't start as far back. More important is the more recent past, in the 17th century, when Taiwan caught the attention of European 'explorers'. Portuguese sailors passing by supposedly called it Ilha Formosa, meaning 'Beautiful Island', though they never fully settled here. The Dutch and Spanish, however, did. They established short-lived colonies and trading posts around the island, leaving behind traces such as Fort Zeelandia in Tainan.
After the Europeans left, Taiwan came under Qing dynasty rule (from China) in the late 1600s, and remained part of the Qing Empire until 1895, when it was ceded to Japan following the First Sino-Japanese War. Japan governed Taiwan for the next 50 years, investing heavily in infrastructure, education, and modernisation; influences which are still visible today.
Following World War II, Japan surrendered Taiwan to the Republic of China (ROC), which took control of the island in 1945. A few years later, in 1949, after losing the Chinese Civil War to the People's Republic of China (PRC), the ROC government relocated to Taiwan and it has governed the island ever since.
Today, Taiwan is self-governed and democratic, operating under the name Republic of China (ROC). However, its international status remains complex: most countries do not formally recognize Taiwan as a separate sovereign state due to diplomatic pressure from the PRC. The United Nations seat once held by the ROC was transferred to the PRC in 1971, which still fuels political tension across the Taiwan Strait today.
Disclaimer: The political and historical situation of Taiwan is extremely nuanced. In this section I merely try to educate to give you a more complete picture before you visit. This summary simplifies a much deeper story of identity, sovereignty, and resilience.
Understanding Taiwanese Culture
As of 2025, Taiwan has a population of around 23 million! Most people you will meet identify as Taiwanese, with over 84% of the population belonging to this ethnic group. Following Taiwan's close historical ties with China, it's no surprise that the second biggest group belongs to mainland chinese followed by indigenous tribes, among which the Ami are the largest group.
Mandarin is widely spoken across Taiwan and is a huge asset when exploring the island. However, I was genuinely surprised to learn just how linguistically diverse Taiwan is. Beyond Mandarin, the island is home to a rich mix of native languages, regional dialects, and Taiwanese Hokkien, all of which reflect its layered cultural history.
Don’t worry if you don’t speak Chinese, as English is commonly understood, especially in larger cities and tourist areas. Still, even learning a few basic Chinese phrases can go a long way and might even earn you a few smiles or small gifts from friendly shop owners.
From my personal experience Taiwanese people are extremely welcoming and friendly; especially to tourists. Even when language barriers sometimes make it difficult to interact, they will always try to find a way to communicate. Throughout the whole journey, I was met with pleasant smiles and open arms.
I remember one late night in a small town when all restaurants were closed and a delightful older lady invited me (and my travel companions) into her small restaurant. The TV was buzzing, her son was enjoying a nice warm bowl of rice, while she told us stories of her famiy origins, life in the town and prepared a delicious dinner. We left that restaurant with a full belly and a warm heart.
Food in Taiwan: More Than Just A Chinese Culinary Experience
When it comes to food, Taiwan offers one of the most diverse and exciting culinary cultures in Asia. Whether you're wandering through the night markets of Taipei or stopping in a small village along the coast; every corner has something to taste, smell, and savour. From sizzling grills to fragrant broths, Taiwan's food is hearty, comforting, and endlessly inventive - a reflection of the island's rich cultural mix.
Most dishes feature meat or fish, but even vegetarians and international food lovers will find plenty of choice, especially in bigger cities. During Taiwan's long rainy season, a bowl of hot soup becomes the ultimate comfort, while grilled snacks and bubble teas keep you fueled between adventures.
Here are some of my favourites from my trip:
Beef Noodle Soup (牛肉麵): Taiwan’s national dish. Tender beef, chewy noodles, and a deeply aromatic broth. Comfort in a bowl. 8.5/10
Scallion Pancakes (蔥油餅): Crispy, doughy, and filled with the gentle bite of fresh scallions. Perfect street food for when you're on the go. 9.5/10
Lu Rou Fan (滷肉飯): Braised pork belly simmered in a soy-based sauce, poured over rice. Humble, rich, and deeply flavourful; a true Taiwanese staple. 9.5/10
Sugar Apples (釋迦果): Not a dish but a revelation. Sweet, creamy, and shaped like a Buddha’s head, these fruits are a must-try from any roadside fruit stand. 10/10
Honestly, Taiwan's food scene could fill an entire book. From stinky tofu to fresh oysters, dumplings, and sugarcane juice, there's no shortage of flavours to explore. My advice? Try everything! You'll leave with a full belly and a smile on your face!
Recommended Route
There are many routes you can take when travelling Taiwan. If you arrive by plane, the most obvious first stop is Taipei as its the capital city of Taiwan and has the best flight connections. Besides its favourable travel location, Taipei also offers the best introduction to Taiwanese culture. Its the capital city of the country and its high rise skyscrapers and busy night markets provide for the perfect first glance of what you can expect for the rest of your trip.
From here, your route depends on what kind of traveller you are.
If you enjoy the buzz of big cities, the western side of the island is your best bet. Thanks to Taiwan's efficient high-speed rail network, you can easily hop from one major city to the next. From Taipei to Taichung, Tainan, Kaohsiung and back again to Taipei to catch your flight home!
For nature lovers, however, the east coast is where Taiwan truly shines. Dramatic cliffs, lush forests, and quiet coastal towns offer a slower, more scenic experience. Hiring a driver is the most comfortable way to travel here, especially if you're short on time. But for budget travellers, public buses and regional trains make the journey just as rewarding, but only if you have enough time.
So in case you are interested in the east coast, here is a route that you may consider:
Taipei / New Taipei City
Optional stop: Fenniaolin Fish Harbor – for an authentic seafood experience.
Hualien City
Taitung City
Hengchun
Optional stop: Kaohsiung - Taiwan's port city with great street art and night markets.
Tainan
Optional stop: Chiayi - gateway to Alishan Mountain.
Sun Moon Lake
Taichung
Return to Taipei by train
Plan around a minimum of two weeks for this route if you want to explore comfortably and make a few unplanned stops along the way. Of course this is just one possibility, so feel free to adjust depending on your time, interest, and travel style. Without a private driver, expect the east coast leg to take a bit longer, but the extra time is well worth it for the views alone.
Activities and Sights to See
Taiwan offers many possible activities to partake in, and sights to see. Whether you are more sporty, or just want to take a realxed stroll through the many cities Taiwan has to offer, there is something for everybody. Below you will find some of my personal favourites, but feel free to reach out if you want a more personalised list of sights to see in each of the cities I visited!
Explore a Little Arts and Crafts City
Location:
Yilan County, in Wujie Township
Description:
The National Center for Traditional Arts feels like a miniature city of culture. Its charming streets are lined with artisan shops, each dedicated to preserving a piece of Taiwan’s heritage. You can watch local craftsmen at work, browse handmade goods, and learn about traditional techniques directly from the makers themselves. While many shop owners speak limited English, they’re always eager to share their passion; often with a smile and plenty of patience.
Try Exotic Foods
Location:
Hualien City
Description:
If you are in Hualien don't forget to check out the Dongdamen Night Market! It offers quite a lot of traditional food varietes and even some carnival games that you can try out on your own. If you are really adventurous, try some charred crocodile skeweres, or maybe stinky tofu is more to your taste?
Take in the Breathtaking Landscape
Location:
Fenbing Township, Gangkou Village
Description:
Travelling the east coast of Taiwan opens up many occasions to take in the breathaking landscape that the island has to offer. If you are driving by car, dont forget to stop on the side of the road and enjoy the fresh sea breeze.
Visit the Most Southern Part of the Country
Location:
Hengchun township
Description:
While the Eluanbi Lighthouse itself may not seem extraordinary, the surrounding Eluanbi Park is well worth a visit. It offers scenic walking trails and the chance to stand at the southernmost point of Taiwan. It's the perfect stop for a relaxed hike and a breath of ocean air before continuing your journey up the west coast.
Experience Taiwanese Religion(s)
Location:
Kaohsiung, Dashu District
Description:
Taiwan has no shortage of impressive temples, but few compare to the scale of the Fo Guang Shan Buddha Museum. Towering at 108 meters, the giant seated Buddha dominates the skyline, flanked by eight majestic pagodas and sprawling courtyards. The complex itself blends serenity with grandeur, offering peaceful gardens, cultural exhibits, and a glimpse into modern Buddhist architecture. Set aside at least a few hours to wander, as it's one of southern Taiwan's most awe-inspiring sights.
Drink Some of the Most Delicious Coffee
Location:
Yuchi Township, Nantou County
Description:
The LuGao Cafe Manor was a surprise visit, but well worth it's time. On this coffee farm, you get to explore where the beans are cultivated. Later you can take in the breahtaking views while slurping on some of the most delicious coffee I ever had!
See all Sides of Taiwan's Art Scene
Location:
Taichung City, Nantun District
Description:
If you’re a fan of colorful art and quirky places, Rainbow Village is a must-see. Once a regular military housing complex, it was transformed by a former soldier, Huang Yung-Fu, who began painting the walls to save his neighborhood from demolition. His bright murals turned the area into one of Taichung's most beloved attractions.
You can easily reach it by bike or bus, and it's absolutely worth the detour. The mix of vivid colors, street art, and creative spirit makes it a place full of joy. And if you're lucky, you might even catch an impromptu street performance, but I won't spoil the surprise!
Hike up the Elephant Trail
Location:
Taipei City, Xinyi District
Description:
If you like a slightly challenging hike you should absolutely embark on the Elephant Trail! After climbing one flight of stairs after the other, and nearly dying of a heat stroke, you will be rewarded with some pretty amazing views of Taipei.
And don't be surprised when you reach the summit and find a group of 80-year-old fitness enthusiasts doing calisthenics like it's nothing. They are local legends, and they will probably outlive us all.
Taste Chocolate in an Old Pharmacy
Location:
Taichung City
Description:
I was rather surrised when I first heard that we will visit an old pharmacy in Taiwan. And I was even more surprised that it turned out to be one of the finest chocolate and ice cream shops in all of Taiwan. Originally built as a pharmacy during the Japanese colonial period, Miyahara has been beautifully restored into a whimsical dessert wonderland. Its high ceilings, vintage décor, and elegant wooden shelves make it feel like stepping into a scene from Harry Potter.
If you have a sweet tooth, this place is a must.
Bike Around Sun Moon Lake (Or anywhere in Taiwan really!)
Location:
Sun Moon Lake
Description:
Surrounded by forested mountains, Sun Moon Lake is Taiwan's largest natural lake and one of its most peaceful getaways. The lake gets its name from its shape: the east side resembles the sun, while the west side looks like a crescent moon.
One of the best ways to explore the area is by bike. The entire lakeside is lined with a well-maintained cycling path that circles roughly 30 kilometers, offering stunning views at every turn. You can rent bikes at several points around the lake. The most convenient stations are near the Shuishe Visitor Center and Ita Thao Village. Options range from standard bicycles to electric bikes for a more relaxed ride.
Practical Information
Internet
Biking in Taiwan is extremely easy and a fantastic way to explore the cities. Most urban areas are the perfect size for cycling, and there are plenty of bike stations offering both regular and electric bikes.
Just download the YouBike app, register your card details, and you're good to go. Bikes are very affordable making them the perfect eco-friendly alternative to trains or taxis. Many stations are conveniently located near MRT stops, tourist attractions, and parks, so you can plan a full day of sightseeing on two wheels without any hassle.
Internet
If you have a SIM card from anywhere else than Asia, you probably don't want to pay the enormous roaming costs that come with using data overseas. Fortunately, there are many other options. You can opt for an eSIM, which is simple to set up and works right after you land. Personally, I use Maya Mobile, as I had some issues with other companies and this one always seems to work. Alternatively, you can buy a physical SIM card on arrival. Vendors are usually stationed near the exits of major airports and around hotels in Taipei. If you prefer not to pay at all, don’t worry, Wi-Fi is widely available in cafés, hostels, and restaurants across the country. Even smaller cities have decent internet access
Money
Taiwan’s official currency is the New Taiwan Dollar (NT$). As of 2025, 1 EUR ≈ 35 NT$, though rates fluctuate slightly. You can exchange cash at airports, hotels, or currency counters across major cities.
Taiwan is highly digital, and you can pay by card in most places, especially in the west. However, carry cash when exploring the east coast or rural areas, as smaller shops, night markets, and local food stalls often only accept cash. ATMs are easy to find in convenience stores like 7-Eleven or FamilyMart, which are everywhere.
When to visit
The best time to visit Taiwan is October to November, just after the rainy season (June–September). The weather is warm but not humid, and landscapes are still lush from recent rains.
I visited between late December and early January, and the weather was still pleasant; cool mornings, mild afternoons, and the occasional rain shower. If you don't mind a bit of drizzle, winter can be a great time to visit, especially if you prefer fewer tourists.
Final Thoughts
So to sum up this guide, I really urge everyone to visit Taiwan. It is the perfect blend of sightseeing in vibrant cities, adventurous hiking in breathtaking natural parks and food that will leave you salivating when you think of it months later.
This guide is certainly only scratching the surface, so go out there youself! Explore, experience, and fall in love with a culture that just keeps on giving.
